The Cycles of International Conflict - 1298 Words

Wars have been waged for decades creating the world we live in today. Charles Tilly observed, â€Å"the state made war and war made the state† (qtd in Sernau, 2009, 147). However, these battles have been destructive and bloody resulting in the deaths of countless individuals. These grave consequences lead us to ask the ever problematic question, what could possibly motivate a state to engage in warfare? Fundamentally, some believe war is linked to a conflict of political and economic interests rooted in power struggles ranging from territorial and humanitarian to ideological and ethnic while others argue that war has become ingrained in our societies and economies resulting in this tenacious cycle of confrontation. Territories are the bases†¦show more content†¦Some of these countries include Korea, Vietnam and Cuba (Kent, 2006). An additional factor of international conflict has to deal with ethnic and cultural disputes. Goldstein and Pevehouse believe it is the mo st one of the most important sources of conflicts in today’s world (Goldstein and Pevehouse, 2009, 127). Samuel Huntington is a firm believer that international conflict is becoming closely linked to ethnicity which he outlines in his clash of civilizations theory. Huntington divides the world into eight major civilization outlined as Western, Confucian, Japanese, Islamic, Hindu, Slavic-Orthodox, Latin American and African (Huntington, 1993). He then goes on to add that â€Å"As people define their identity in ethnic and religious terms, they are likely to see an us versus them relation existing between themselves and people of different ethnicity or religion† which leads to the clashes of civilizations (Huntington, 1993). A big factor in ethnic conflict is often territorial and linked to self-determination. As Goldstein and Pevehouse point out, ethnic groups have strong aspirations and nationalist sentiments for statehood (Goldstein and Pevehouse, 2009, 127). The Kurds are a relevant and current example of an ethnic group seeking to establish a homeland, Kurdistan. However, they areShow MoreRelatedThe Eritrean-Ethiopian War Boarder Problem1238 Words   |  5 PagesThe Eritrean-Ethiopian War was, officially, a two-year conflict in the Horn of Africa primarily focused on territorial disagreements . Many argue the border disputes between the two entities stem back to Eritrea’s 1991 war of independence from Ethiopia1. Since that time, the two strikingly similar nations have fought relentlessly over Badme, border territory claimed by both1. In 1998, Eritrea broke international law and set the war in motion by invading Ethiopia . An end to the hostilities lookedRead MoreProject Risk Management Of In formation Technology1492 Words   |  6 PagesDatabases Journals Risks 1. Science Direct 2. 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Of these international events from 1870-1945, the Age of Imperialism, World War I, and the Great Depression had worldwide impacts on economic and social issues. Imperialism in the late 19th century became a competition among European countries to take control of as manyRead MoreThe International Coffee Crisis Of India1455 Words   |  6 Pagesmillion. However, after the International Coffee Agreement collapsed, known as the coffee crisis, which deregulated the international coffee supply, the labour force in coffee sector decreased in India, and 150,000 jobs were lost between 2000 and 2002 (Oxfam, cited in Ambinakudige 2009). People cannot manage their coffee plants and yield, earn enough money to return a loan on time, and get the loan the following year, which results in less investment in coffee. That cycle makes their lives worse andRead MoreWays to Prevent and Resolve Violent Conflict Essay example1008 Words   |  5 PagesWays to Prevent and Resolve Violent Conflict To prevent and resolve violent conflict we must understand the sources and logic of war. Two schools of thought currently dominate thinking on the causes of contemporary conflict. The first sees violence as a response to a range of grievances including systematic discrimination and human rights violations, inequalities in wealth and political power, or a scarcity of resources, particularly where these fall along existing social cleavages such

Facebook Stalkers Free Essays

Gabriel Montelongo Mr. Segura English 1301. 001 18, February 2013 The Book of All Evil There is no denying that social networking is at its finest. We will write a custom essay sample on Facebook Stalkers or any similar topic only for you Order Now With over 1 billion users, Facebook has pushed itself into part of everyday lives. However, Facebook isn’t all flowers and butterflies. A website that stalkers use to rub one off to whoever they stalk, should not be perceived as a good thing. Neither should it be considered a good thing when a college student tries to write his essay, and keeps getting distracted by notifications. Facebook is a tool used for stalking, addiction, but worst of all, procrastination. One of the scariest thing about Facebook is the stalkers. Facebook has made stalking easier with the use of one of its features called â€Å"Lists†. Basically what this feature does is it allows the user to single out anyone in the friends list, and stalk anyone that has been added. The stalker can even single out what kind of updates a person has; such as photos, posts, and recent locations visited. People that use Facebook should think twice about what they share with the world. On the bright-side, Facebook does allow the ability to block stalkers, but it is rendered useless if the stalker decides to fake a new account. If anyone out there has an interest in stalking, Facebook would be the first place they would look. When awkward, socially-undeveloped, cave-dwellers want to make friends, they use Facebook. They proceed to add pretty, young women, in hopes that they get a chance to be with them. However, that almost never happens, so these people then become angry and delusional. This is how stalkers tend to form over Facebook. These stalkers then proceed to stalk their rejecters, and then later end up in creepy stalker stories. This happens almost every day on Facebook, seriously. Social networking has become so common, that not many think about how they are being manipulated. Facebook has this control over people, using something called â€Å"notifications†. People post updates on their page, and if people think it’s cool, then it’ll get â€Å"likes†. Notifications are then sent to the person telling them that someone liked their update. That right there encourages the user to post more updates. The more likes that people receive, the more it makes them want to update their status. This is how it keeps its users; through making them think that people actually care about what they are saying. Facebook manages to keep its users through a clever, but mischievous design. Though widely recognized as a place for friends, Facebook is more like a spreading of disease. Through mischievous design and manipulation, Facebook can actually cause addiction. A reward system of notifications and likes can make a person feel like something was accomplished through something as simple as a status update. This accomplishing feeling make the self-conscious Facebook users feel accepted through having their statuses â€Å"liked†, and will try to reanimate themselves in search of that same feeling. Facebook addiction is now being recognized as a legitimate addiction, and will soon find itself in future psychology books. Not only is Facebook perfectly designed for stalkers, but also to distract students from finishing homework. Facebook has a billion plus users, a majority of which are teenagers and young adults. Distracting a kid couldn’t be easier with Facebook. Give a pre-teen a website full of friends, and that pre-teen could be on it for hours. The same effect happens with young college students; only the college student knows that he has an essay due Wednesday. Said student will then proceed to write the essay, only to get distracted by friends on Facebook. It is a horrible feeling when students know that not much time is left, and begin to hate themselves for procrastinating. An evil that every teenager in this day and age has to deal with, every day of their lives. Facebook is a curse; one that destroys us from the inside out. Never mind the fact that almost one in every five divorces have been Facebook related, it creates stalkers that could eventually evolve into serial killers. Facebook breeds addiction and manipulates our already screwed up society. It has students thinking that they will only be on for five minutes, which then becomes an hour. Facebook is itself a problem that causes even more problems. A problem that’s here to stay until a new socializing website comes and takes over, and causes even more problems. How to cite Facebook Stalkers, Papers

FIFA Scandal and Ethical Dilemma †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the FIFA Scandal and Ethical Dilemma. Answer: Introduction FIFA is a body mandated to run the world football and world cup, which is the most watched sporting event in the globe (Cornelissen 2010) .Recently accused of some corruption committed by the executive members like awarding the 2022 World Cup tender to Qatar and mismanagement of funds (Henderson 2014). The corruption led to arrest of some of the executive officials and suspension of the FIFA president for some period of time. These events led to the ethical dilemma, when the body was expected to be a transparent and non-business body. The dilemma was resolved by through conduction of investigations by the United States and Swiss Office of the Attorney General against the named members and convicted of the charges (Sheu 2016). This led to arrest of two FIFA vice-presidents Alfredo Hawit and Juan Angel and many others executive officials that were on suspicion of taking bribes of millions of dollars and embezzlement of the funds (Youd 2014). Those that have faced full charge include Jack Warner, Jeffrey Webb, Eduardo Li and many others. The executive committee has been meeting to cast their votes on the reforms to regain the trust of the body. The investigation conducted among other FIFA 27 members involving of selling lucrative media and marketing rights to international soccer tournaments and matches and suspension of the FIFAs president Seth Blatter for 90 days places it on the verge of collapsing (Gwyther 2015). The dilemma was not efficiently brought resolution because FIFA under the Sepp Blatter, decided not to publish investigation by Garcia but instead, the body provided a summary that omitted and twisted the information and was less incriminating the suspected FIFA officials (Youd 2014). Even though many countries protested for the full release of the report, FIFA argued that the entire report would violate the continental law. The structural organization of FIFA, which constitutes 209 members nations means that every gets single votes and same federation decisions (Sheu 2016). Therefore, when it comes to an election a federation president and executive committee members, there is less incentive for any nation member to vote for the structural change. As a result, the voting process of reforms ensured the re-election of the Sepp Blatter as the president after auditing done that found no linkage of the financial mismanagement, has been the president for the last 16 years. The auditing wo uld have been done by an independent auditor to investigate on both the disbursement of funds and the 2022 bid. The mismanagement of funds and corruption of the past 20 years have not seen any single person being taken responsible after the investigations; this means that the unethical culture is still within the body. The dilemma has placed the difference between the FIFAs president and the UEFA president, Michael Platini who asked Sepp Blatter to resign from the position to clear his name of the allegations associated with his organizations. FIFA and UEFA are the words football organizations that ought to be in harmony so as the football matches are well organized and played. Russian and Qatar might be ripped off their rights to host the 2018 and 2022 respectively when the corrupted tender allegations are proven to have irregularities (Saayaman Saayman 2014). As a result, this may result in significant effects on the leagues and tournaments such as Copa America. The Australian ethical standards revolve around the justice, respect, informed consent, competence, record keeping, professional responsibility, reputable behaviour. The scandal had placed the Australian Football Federation into police investigation following the payment that AFF paid Jack Werner when Australian was pushing to host the 2022 World Cup (Stone Rod 2016). The dilemma that faced FIFA saw the loss of trust among the sponsors such as the Coca-cola, Adidas, McDonald and other countries threatening to withdraw their memberships if the scandal investigation report confiscated from the public (Chisari 2015). The implications have drawn the international scrutiny of the migrants workers that are constructing the stadiums, thereby making the Amnesty international to issue a report putting the Qatar government to improve the rights of the workers (Saayman Saayaman 2014).The dilemma has resulted into a clash between the World Cup biding countries negative right to procedural justice and Blatters negative right to fully publish the report, therefore, making his reputation for being in jeopardy. Conclusion In conclusion, the dilemma in FIFA following the past scandals on funds mismanagement and tender awards have withdrawn the trust that most nation members had for the future successful running of the organization. Most probably, some countries and sponsor might revoke their membership in case the investigation report is not entirely published and the criminals not fully charged. List of References Chisari, M 2015, 'Testing citizen identities: Australian migrants and the Australian values debate', Social Identities, 21, 6, pp. 573-589, Academic Search Premier Cornelissen, S 2010, 'Football's tsars: proprietorship, corporatism and politics in the 2010 FIFA World Cup', Soccer Society, 11, 1/2, pp. 131-143, Academic Search Premier. October 2017. Gwyther, M 2015, 'LEADERSHIP IN CRISIS', London Business School Review, 26, 4, pp. 40-43, Business Source Premier. Henderson, JC 2014, 'Hosting the 2022 FIFA World Cup: opportunities and challenges for Qatar', Journal Of Sport Tourism, 19, 3/4, pp. 281-298, Business Source Premier. Saayman, M, Saayman, A 2014, 'Appraisal Of Measuring Economic Impact Of Sport Events', South African Journal For Research In Sport, Physical Education Recreation (SAJR SPER), 36, 3, pp. 151-181, SPORT Sheu, V 2016, 'Corrupt Passions: An Analysis of the FIFA Indictments', Texas Review Of Entertainment Sports Law, 18, 1, pp. 65-84, Academic Search Premier. Stone, C, Rod, M 2016, 'Unfair play in World Cup qualification? An analysis of the 19982010 FIFA World Cup performances and the bias in the allocation of tournament berths', Soccer Society, 17, 1, pp. 40-57, Academic Search Premier. Youd, K 2014, 'The Winter's Tale of Corruption: The 2022 FIFA World Cup in Qatar, the Impending Shift to Winter, and Potential Legal Actions against FIFA', Northwestern Journal Of International Law Business, 35, 1, pp. 167-197, Business Source Premier.

Living and Surviving a Comparison free essay sample

The Idealistic Dreams and Quixotic Wonders of Life Itself, and To Survive: The Conceptual Chasm of Yawning Hopelessness and Marvel That is Simple Existence: A Comparison Its a commonly heard phrase l want to live and not Just exist, but after years of the same trite, dull sentiment, it seems flimsy and false. But to think deeper its not nearly as fabricated as it seems. Living and surviving are two entirely separate actions, even though living does depend on existence. To explain the difference between living and existence, a definition is in order.Living, as defined by science, is the feat of not being dead, while existence is a blanket term that can be applied to everything in the universe. Thoughts and theories exist; same as rocks and soil. In that plane of thought, living and existence are separate, though slightly similar. To take it a step higher, and be human-centric, living would more likely be defined as having a soul, or at least, sentience. We will write a custom essay sample on Living and Surviving: a Comparison or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This would exclude, say, trees and bushes from the living category. Existence, then, might be elevated to having a beating heart and working lungs.Either way of viewing it, paving and being are two different actions. In this paper, the focus is on second set of definitions. Living and existence, though different, are not mutually exclusive. To live, one must exist its the only way. There must have a working body in order to have a thriving mind. But at the same time, It Is entirely possible to exist and not live. Its much like how a person Is an animal, yet not all animals are people. To look at lifes other definition, souls and spiritualism are added to the mix and how that relates to human existence.Everyone has a soul, It could be argued, but most take It rather than Just simple possession of such. What are you doing with your life? Its asked, taking living as something that can be measured. Someone who never deviates from routine, who has no hopes, could be considered lifeless by that perspective, while another who lives only to chase their dreams and enjoy their time on Earth, would be thriving. Here Is a plethora of quotes, sayings, and speeches. Like the band Switched sings, I want to thrive, not Just survive. Living and existing, such a broad subject.So many different ways to define and redefine, each coming to he same conclusion: The two are different, even despite the fact that life depends on survival. Life, In general, Is seen as a fully awakened consciousness; existence Is simply breathing, possessing a beating heart and a pulsing brain.. . But not a host of thoughts. But no matter how the terms are defined, theyre always different Ideas. Living and Surviving: a Comparison By Slovenliest have a thriving mind. But at the same time, it is entirely possible to exist and not live. Its much like how a person is an animal, yet not all animals are people. Latest to human existence. Everyone has a soul, it could be argued, but most take it further than Just simple possession of such. What are you doing with your life? its on Earth, would be thriving. Here is a plethora of quotes, sayings, and speeches. Like the band Switched sings, l want to thrive, not Just survive. Survival. Life, in general, is seen as a fully awakened consciousness; existence is simply breathing, possessing a beating heart and a pulsing brain.. . But not a host of thoughts. But no matter how the terms are defined, theyre always different ideas.

Speech to Inform on Video Games Essays

Speech to Inform on Video Games Essays Speech to Inform on Video Games Essay Speech to Inform on Video Games Essay For almost a century, video games have shaped not just our country, but the whole world. An entire industry was developed and it continues to thrive, even in our rough economic times. Some people fall into the clutches of games’ $60 (or more) price tags, while others wait for titles to drop into the bargain bin. But no matter how you purchase them, video games have become much more than just ways to pass the time. They make us laugh. They make us cry. They make us want to scream in anger and punch a wall. Perhaps that is just the reason why we enjoy them so much. Today, I will be discussing the history of video games, the beneficial effect they have on us today, and the controversies that come with them. Video games have existed much longer than you would realize. The very first video game was actually invented in 1942, and it was called NIM. Although it was only a strategic math game, it was revolutionary at the time. Now, up until 1970, the video games that were being created were simple games such as a game of tic-tac-toe against the computer, or a game called Tennis for Two (an early version of Pong). However, the 1970’s was when the first arcade games and console games were being made. The hit-game Pong was released by Atari in 1972, and was later ported to home consoles. In fact, the very first console used at home was called the Magnavox Odyssey, and it was released in 1972 as well. 1997 saw the rise of second-generation consoles, three of which dominated the North American markets: Atari 2600, Intellivison, and ColecoVision. From 1978-1986, arcade games such as Space Invaders, Asteroids, and Pac-Man became huge hits, and were being featured everywhere: shopping malls, restaurants, convenience stores. You name it, and they probably had it there. In the 1980’s, many of the still immensely-popular game franchises were introduced, such as The Legend of Zelda, Prince of Persia, Dragon Quest, Final Fantasy, Super Mario Bros. , Metroid, Castlevania, and Metal Gear. The NES was also introduced in 1983 and became an instant success, reviving the console market. The 90’s saw the release of many important things. Sonic the Hedgehog was released in 1991, becoming one of the most well-known video game characters to this day. The Sims began being published, and eventually became known as the best-selling PC games in history. Then the SNES was released in 1989, revealing games like Mortal Kombat and Star Fox. 1993-2006 brought games like Super Mario 64 and Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time to the Nintendo 64, while Resident Evil and Final Fantasy VII came to the Playstation. The Playstation 2 was released in the early 2000’s and became an instant success. It still sells steadily on the market to this day. The Xbox came in, and became well known, as they released their first Halo game in the series to come. Sega eventually fell out of the market with the Dreamcast, and now they stick to strictly game-making only. And Nintendo’s GameCube wasn’t doing as well as their newly-release GameBoy Advance. MMORPGs, or Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Games, came into rise around this time as well, with games like World of Warcraft. Between 2005 and 2006, many consoles were released. For the handhelds, the Nintendo DS and the Sony PSP went on the market. Then the Xbox 360 was released, followed by the Playstation 3, followed by the Nintendo Wii. Microsoft is often criticized for their lack in the handheld department. Now with PC and mobile gaming on the rise, the Playstation Move and the Microsoft Kinect compete to bring gamers back to the home environment. Now in 2011, Sony announced the Playstation Vita, Nintendo already released the 3DS, and Nintendo’s mysterious WiiU is yet to be revealed. Now, video games have become much more than we ever thought they could be. 65% of American households play video games, and 40% of people who play video games are women. Nina Huntemann from Game Over stated, â€Å"You know whats really exciting about video games is you dont just interact with the game physically youre not just moving your hand on a joystick, but youre asked to interact with the game psychologically and emotionally as well. Youre not just watching the characters on screen; youre  becoming  those characters†. Studies have shown that people who play video games have better hand-eye coordination and visuo-motor skills. Visuo-motor skills are like resistance to distraction and better memorization skills. It has also been proven that frequent gamers have improved dexterity and better problem-solving skills as well. On the other hand, there are people who believe that video games can become fatally addictive and look down on them due to their depiction of graphic violence, sexual themes, advergaming (a form of advertising in games), consumption of drugs, consumption of alcohol or tobacco, propaganda, or profanity. However, the ESRB, which is the company that gives ratings to video games, was created in order to categorize such games in the appropriate age groups. There has been history of some gamers taking things little too far and acting them out in real life, but with situations like these, it wasn’t the game that caused it. Some activist groups cite crime, violence, aggressive behavior, deprivation of social development, and addiction as their reasons for being against them. These are all products of the parents’ decision of letting their child partake in these games, not the game developer’s. Sometimes people forget that video games teach lessons and inspire us, too. Like this quote said by Vanille in Final Fantasy XIII: â€Å"Wishes can come true. But not if you just wait for miracles. Miracles are things we make for ourselves. Here, and now. All in all, video games are something that has changed history and society. They’re not just the blood and gore they’re so often criticized for. They involve strategy and puzzle-solving; they require fast reflexes and the ability to adapt to different situations. They continue to evolve over the years. They’ve come so far through their history, affected us today, and even managed to bring along some controversies. But video games will always exist in some kind of form, whether we like it or not. So whether you’re 3 years old or 33, go break out the old 64 and pop in Super Mario. You just might like what you see.

Ask An Agent What Makes A Self-Published Author Stand Out

Ask An Agent What Makes A Self-Published Author Stand Out Ask an Agent: Paul Lucas on What Makes a Self-Published Author Stand Out Paul Lucas is a literary agent at Janklow Nesbit where he has been representing authors since 2011. His clients come from across the spectrum of fiction (thrillers, science fiction, fantasy, historical and literary) and non-fiction (history, narrative, travel, science and humor). His clients include New York Times best-selling author R.A. Salvatore, Anthony Ryan, Alan Flusser, and Katherine Arden.Reedsy: How have you seen attitudes toward self-publishing change since you started out in publishing?Paul Lucas: Attitudes have changed tremendously, particularly since several self-published authors have now become monumental success stories. It is in part  because so many readers came to, and enjoyed, books by self-published authors. Since distributing e-books is so much cheaper and simpler than distributing physical books to bookstores, there are fewer barriers to entry and much easier discovery. As products, the e-books are indistinguishable from other offerings. So if the book is go od, it will receive attention.Which of your clients are self-published? Do you know of big authors that people might not know got their start as self-published authors?My clients that started in self-publishing include Anthony Ryan (NYT bestselling author), Matthew Mather (translated into 15 territories), James Islington, Steve McHugh, Jodi McIsaac and Richard Phillips. Andy Weir, Hugh Howey, AG Riddle, and Blake Crouch are major authors who stand out from the self-publishing world.Sorry there’s a male bias to these writers! Women have been tremendously successful with self-published science fiction and thrillers; I just haven’t signed any other than Jodi. Women absolutely dominate the romance space.In working with self-published authors who transition to traditional publishing, what stands out about them? What are their greatest assets, both personally and professionally?The key to self-publishing is that the writer becomes her own publisher. That means hiring editors , illustrators, and designers and paying for marketing and promotion. The best of them are very professional, and many publish several books a year. It’s easier for them to do so since there is a much longer lead time in traditional publishing.Since many self-published authors enjoy closer access to their fans, it makes it self-sustaining success more achievable. If she feels confident that 20,000-30,000 readers will come to each of her new books, twice a year, a writer can comfortably rise to a six-figure income. Traditional publishers would find it challenging to reach 20,000 readers and might give up on that author if they did not see sales rising. Relishing the challenges of editorial control and developing strong positioning for your book are two critical characteristics for success in self-publishing. "Many self-published authors enjoy closer access to their fans"@canonizer With all of the reading that agents need to do to stay on top of the industry as a whole, how do you prioritize reading self-published work? Do you actively seek it out or hear about it through word-of-mouth or recommendations? In short, how does a self-published book find its way onto the radar of an agent?I typically find self-published books that are rising quickly in e-book sales rankings. It is less word-of-mouth than trawling through the winners on retailers’ sites. Sometimes self-published authors seek out agents but it’s fairly rare for very successful ones to do so these days since agents typically come knocking after they get enough attention.Where do you see self-publishing fitting into the larger publishing industry in the coming years? What is exciting about it? What will traditional publishers have to adapt to? Self-publishing will continue to grow for as long as it remains difficult for new authors to break into traditional publishing. That means it is mo re important than ever to treat a self-published book with the same consideration (or as close as you can get) that a traditionally published book would receive. The more believable the characters, plot, and writing, the easier it will be for readers to engage with it. Similarly, everyone judges books by their covers so it’s worth spending $500-1000 to have one created professionally rather than attempting one’s first MS Paint masterpiece.Publishers have attempted to launch their own digital imprints, which seem to cater to readers of self-published books. I’d recommend that any self-published author contemplating moving to a traditional publisher’s digital imprint do so with caution. Losing control over marketing the book can be jarring for people who have found success marketing their books on their own terms.Frankly, traditional publishing has become mediocre at launching new brand-name authors, especially with ongoing series. There haven’t been many new Anne Rices, James Pattersons, Stuart Woods in the last 5-10 years. Some of the ones now traditionally published earned their names in the self-published ranks. Publishers will need to learn how to develop talent if they want to keep people from wanting to self-publish, rather than publish traditionally.What are the potential obstacles facing self-publishing as it grows?Well, the elephant in the room is whether Amazon will continue to pay such substantial royalties and subsidize  self-published authors through Kindle Unlimited and their other deals. Authors might see a decline in their earnings if those were to disappear but it is unlikely to change how self-published books succeed in the near term since most self-published authors rely on the platform.What would you tell emerging authors who are on the fence about self-publishing?There used to be a stigma to self-publishing; it was synonymous with vanity publishing, which meant that authors would spend several thousand d ollars in exchange for inventory and the possibility of physical distribution. This stigma has all but vanished, particularly in commercial fiction where self-published authors are really thriving. Literary fiction and non-fiction all continue to work better traditionally. Readers seem to have short attention spans these days so discovery for more academically minded projects (or â€Å"serious† or â€Å"literary† or however we are describing high-brow books on a given day) have a big headwind. "This stigma has all but vanished, particularly in commercial fiction"@canonizer Lastly, new authors should keep in mind that it’s very hard for an agent to do anything with a newly self-published book. If it only has hundreds or several thousand sales, they will be unlikely to move it to the traditional space right away. This should not be discouraging – it might lead to far greater rewards.Are you hesitant to self-publish? What is your top reason for wanting to work with a traditional publisher on your first book? Let us know your thoughts in the comments below.

Telecommunications, broadband and internet industry Essay

Telecommunications, broadband and internet industry - Essay Example The international call minutes are around 70 % and the consumers use prepaid calling cards for making international calls. However, the rate has considerably fallen down due to the introduction of VoIP based calling cards. Likewise, they are of low cost and the majority of the population in Bahrain is expatriates (Research, 2011). Moreover, in 2008 -2009, Wimax was launched by two different service providers and in the mid 2009, Wimax demonstrated a 30% share in the broadband services sector (Research, 2011). The telecommunication industry is continuously evolving due to up gradation of next generation networks. Moreover, the industry has its own significance in the context of human communication regardless of time, location and environmental factors, however, call rates may vary due to roaming services. Apart from advances in human communication, the industry has contributed to provide a carrier of digital transmission, for providing Internet to the people. The telecommunication and Internet industry in Bahrain has emerged as one of the fasting growing market. As per the telecommunication regulatory authority (TRA), a report was published indicating the rapid increase in revenue by 74% in between 2003 – 2006. Likewise, the industry contributed $194 Million in 2003, as compared to $342 Million in 2006. Both these figures demonstrates considerable rise in revenue by 28%. Moreover, the working force also increased to 2,322 from the total number of employees in 2003 i.e. 1,808 (Telecommunications market in bahrain one of the fastest growing.2007). The figures are from the first quarter of 2006. Moreover, the report also concluded an internet connection in almost half of the houses as compared to the two third percentages of fixed landline users. Furthermore, director of the telecommunication regulatory authority (TRA) praised the competitive marketing strategy of the government that resulted in a rise of the growth rate for the telecommunication and Interne t markets (Telecommunications market in bahrain one of the fastest growing.2007). Economic Trends The telecommunication sector in Bahrain has provided less opportunity to the foreign companies who wish to launch telecommunication providers. However, regional companies are welcomed whole-heartedly. The reason behind this strategy is the monopoly that has surrounded the telecommunication sector by party public owned operators knows as Bahrain telecommunication company (Batelco). The government has shows less efforts to modify the strategy in order to make competitors in the market. However, opportunities for foreigners are in terms of tenders of an investment program launched by Batelco (Noticiasdot.com ). Moreover, development of telecommunication infrastructure is up to the mark in spite of a non-competitive environment. This is mainly because the enlightened policy of modernization and diversification of Batelco is facilitated by its close resemblance with a strategic partner, name d as Cable and Wireless, sharing a 20% stake in the company (Noticiasdot.com). The priority is given to the implementation of a latest hardware equipped network that is compatible with wireless networks, high tech multimedia, and data services. These high tech services play an important role for the country as Bahrain is considered as a financial and regional hub. The government has shows some positive factors for the foreign investors in order to make a competitive enviro

The Waldens Freedom Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Waldens Freedom - Essay Example Thoreau believes that without the demands of modern life, people can be free to develop themselves as individuals. Buckner believes that the most important message of Walden is â€Å"to call people to freedom as individuals.† She stresses: â€Å"One looks at nature in order to learn about oneself; one simplifies one’s life in order to have time to develop the self fully; one must honor one’s uniqueness if one is to know full self-realization† (Buckner 4). Thoreau recommends to others that they should live simpler lives for them to be happier. A simpler life away from material needs exemplifies the idea of peace. Nature itself is filled with peace, which is the symbol of inner peace of mind. Thoreau cries out for a simplified life: â€Å"Simplicity, simplicity, simplicity! I say, let your affairs be as two or three, and not a hundred or a thousand; instead of a million count half a dozen, and keep your accounts on your thumb-nail† (Thoreau 395). He a rgues that a simpler life has fewer goals and priorities. People living in the woods can definitely trim their accounts to the bare minimum essentials of life. In modern life, this can refer to living simply, such using cash instead of several credit cards, so that one’s lifestyle becomes equal to one’s income. Living simply also entails eating the natural way, such as through cooked â€Å"real† food and not processed food and avoiding eating out, because dining out can be expensive when done on a daily basis. These practices will lead to a simple life with no more financial troubles.

Far from the madding crowd Essay Example for Free

Far from the madding crowd Essay This shows that hardy thinks love is based upon events like How terrible! she exclaimed, and clutched him by the sleeve. Gabriel turned, and steadied her on her aerial perch by holding her arm this shows that she can depend on Oak and trust him and. BOLDWOOD chapter 31, In farmer Boldwood, hardy presents a love that is obsessive and deranged. His unreasoning devotion to Bathsheba is described as a fond madness. In chapter31 Boldwood confronts Bathsheba and we clearly see a desperate man. He is desperate man because he is willing to kill for a woman who thinks of him as she never had you. When it is clear that she had she did more than just lead him on she made and broke a promise of not seeing nay one else and broke her word by saying that she would not marry him, What you call encouragement was the childish game of an idle minute. In this Boldwood deeply blames Bathsheba for how bad he feels. In this scene Boldwood does try very hard to keep controlled and he even refers to Bathsheba as darling when she has done so much wrong to him. Hardy describes Boldwood as desperate he does this to show an erratic and unpredictable natures but have an undying devotion to Bathsheba. He describes Gabriel Oak as solid he say this to give an impression of consistency and reliability and predictable. Hardy makes that point to show the different in the types of love in the 2 suitors she refused them both and the difference between the two men is the way they react to situation. BOLDWOOD MEETS TROY chapter 34, Moreover, when Boldwood meets Troy in chapter 34 it shows yet another type of love more of a fancy, want for sex type of love emitted by Troy. That is a huge contrast to Boldwood who has a type of utterly devoted desperate love. Hardy compares Troy and Boldwood because he wants to show that he can show that both are fond of Bathsheba but some much more hardy uses words like devil may cry to describe Troy and much more powerful words like over whamming to describe Hardys point on love is it comes in all sorts of shapes and sizes and can differ as much as it does between Boldwoods and Troys does. SERGEANT TROY chapter 28, Furthermore Troy is a reckless yet attractive character. He appears brash and direct; his unpredictable and shifting nature is clearly evident in his relationship with Fanny. Troys sedation and treatment of Bathsheba is therefore, anticipated. In chapter 28 Troy had lead Bathsheba into a small-secluded area of a field where Troy enticed and teased Bathsheba. By showing off his sword play or his dexterity as hardy put its temps Bathsheba to even kiss Troy. There is a lot of meaning behind this chapter, and it has relevance through out the whole book hardy really tries to put as much emphasis on the atmosphere as possible and the feel of the read he says words like scarlet fever and fever implies it to be hot and bothered. Hardy really ties to show just how in control Troy is. Troy even lies to Bathsheba and threatened her life it is ironic that he lies to harm Bathsheba and Boldwood lies to help her. Troy is in control, this also comes into play before they get married when Troy says that if Bathsheba does not get married then he can not give Bathsheba his word that he will stay faithful putting Bathsheba in a ultimatum and he knows it so much so that he even draws attention to her breasts and lunges his sword towards her heart to remove a simple bug and when Bathsheba questions Troy he claims that 1. If she gets hurt it would have been her fault and 2. He simply says o no dexterity other than luck. It does show just how intense the moment was Bathsheba was willing to die for Troy or at least the idea of Troy witch shows a contrast between Boldwood willing to die or indeed to kill for Bathsheba for the keen rush love or a form of love. FANNY chapter, The chapter Fannys revenge sees the fragile marriage of Bathsheba and Troy finally dissolve. In the chapter, before Troy arrives Bathsheba is happy and child like and takes little care over men, but has a mans care over things like business. When Troy kisses Fannys dead body Bathsheba is lonely and miserable and desperate for Troy to kiss her that should not be too much to accept for a wife. Troy is by no means sorry for his love for Fanny, he acts as if Bathsheba is not even their, hardy shows us how he is ignoring Bathsheba by saying things like Boldwood rushed to Fanny HOPE FOR GABRIEL chapter 56, By the end of chapter 56, Gabriel realises that Bathsheba might marry him after all. Bathsheba is now ready for Gabriel because Troy is now gone as well as the part of her that needed him to control her. She may still want him but she now needs some one to lean on and trust. Bathsheba is forced to act because 2 of her 3 suitors have either died or been put away and Bathsheba likes the attention. It is like Oak to still there for Bathsheba after his whole life has been turned upside down. Hardy discusses what is important about love at the end of the chapter, he writes usually occurring through similarity of pursuits, is unfortunately seldom superadded to love between the sexes, because men and women associate, not in their labours, but in their pleasures merely he then moves on to say that love which many waters cannot quench, nor the floods drown, beside which the passion usually called by the name is evanescent as steam. All this is to show just how powerful love is. This is the whole message that the book is going to put across. THE RIGHT MAN, It is plain from the beginning that Gabriel is the right man for Bathsheba. However she is not ready for it at the begging as she needs to be more controlled and even grow up, in the begging when clever things got hard, or she was wrong she just pulled rank so to speak like when she was making leather or on the hay bail. Bathsheba begins the book as a girl and grows up into a woman because she can see that she cant always have it her way and lead people on because they will get hurt or worse die. In conclusion, hardy portrays three kinds of love they are reckless lust, shown by Troy devotion, shown by Oak and dependence, as shown by Boldwood. Hardy does not show a clear best type of love you can think what you like of the best Boldwood ends up protecting Bathsheba and almost killing himself. She does end up courting Oak but that does not mean that it is the best type of love only that it is a constant happy kind of loves. Then there is trot the one that gave Bathsheba the most enjoyment and the most unpredictability.

racism Essay -- essays research papers

Racism An underlying problem is promoting racism. It is the fact that a lot of people believe, and try to make they believe, that racism no longer exists. Many people today live their lives oblivious to what is happening in the world around them, often trying to convince themselves that racism is not a problem in their world. Others know all about the problem, but don’t really realize that they themselves could possibly be adding to the problem by discriminating against someone else’s human rights, and at the same time going around saying how open-minded they are. One of the main problems of racism is that many people live in racist conditions, without even seeing it. Often times it’s in their school, workplace, community, or even in their own homes. People often tell jokes with racist slurs, and while we know not to laugh at ones about blacks, it seems that ones about other races like Chinese and Hispanic are okay. We tell ourselves that they are just jokes, but not to those who they are ridiculing. We are all perpetrators of this and we usually feel that these types of jokes are harmless. They can be harmless and maybe at times we even think they are funny, but they are also hurtful and degrading. Some of the biggest racists are those who don’t even know that they are, and even say that they aren’t. These people are racist because they cannot comprehend what is happening and do not realize what they are saying is racist. Until they come to grips with this problem, in th...

Social Influence, Comformity, Obedience and Compliance

Social influence It refers to our need to be right. Sometimes, an individual does not know what is the correct behaviour for the particular circumstances. In these cases, the individual will look to and copy the behaviour of others (e. g. modeling). The behaviour of others provides information on what is the correct thing to do in this situation. There are three types of social influence – conformity – compliance – obedience Conformity Conformity involves developing attitudes, opinions, and behaviors to match the attitudes of a specific group. Most people conform to the standard values, also called norms, of many groups without stress and often without even knowing that they are doing so. From an early age, a process of making children conform starts and continues persistently eg. Don’t speak to strangers. Conformity is neither good nor bad. Some degree of conformity is necessary for societies to function. For example, when you stop at a red light, you are conforming to the law and to the general agreement that for the good and safety of society, a red light means stop. You stop, even though most of the time there is not a police officer on the scene to enforce the law. All people balance the need to conform and fit in with the need to express their individuality throughout their lives. Some research into birth order suggests that the oldest child in a family is more likely to conform, while later children are more likely to become non-conformists. However, these studies are open to different interpretations and, although interesting, should not be considered conclusively true. Young children tend to be the least aware of the group and society values and are the least influenced by the need to conform. However, with more social interactions and more awareness of others, the need to conform grows. Pre-teens and teenagers face many issues related to conformity. They are pulled between the desire to be seen as individuals of unique value and the desire to belong to a group where they feel secure and accepted. The result is that often teens reject conforming to family or general society values, while conforming rigidly to the norms or values of their peer group. An example of this phenomenon is seen when young people join gangs. In joining the gang they are rejecting the community's way of dressing and behaving. Yet to belong to the gang, they must conform to the gang's own style of dress, behavior, and speech. Conformity within a group entails members to change their attitudes, perceptions, opinions, behaviours and beliefs in order to match those of others within the group. In order to conform, the group member must attribute someone as having the legitimacy and credibility to lead or influence the group's behaviour. Without this â€Å"leader†, conformity toward the group's goals will be less prevalent. The ‘leader’ has the power to affect change in behaviour or belief towards a group's standards as a result of the group’s members who follow him/her. If key members of a group accept messages about how to change behaviour to reduce risky activities such as needle sharing, drinking and driving, and unsafe sexual behavior, other group members often follow their lead and change their behaviour also. Conformity is tied closely to the issue of peer pressure. Although people feel peer pressure their entire lives, young people who are seeking to define themselves are generally most influenced by the values and attitudes of their peers. Adolescents often encourage friends to do or try things that they themselves are doing in order to fit into to a group. The encouragement can be positive (studying hard to get good grades) or negative (drinking beer after the football game). Deciding how much and which group's values to conform to are one of the major stresses of adolescence. Trying to conform to the behaviors of a group that go against one's own beliefs in order to be accepted creates a great deal of internal conflict and sometimes external conflict with family members and friends from an earlier time. Defining oneself as an individual and developing a constant value system forces young people to confront issues of conformity and non-conformity. This is a major challenge of adolescence. Many studies of young people show that if a person's friends engage in a behavior – everything from cigarette smoking to drinking alcohol to shoplifting to sexual activity – an adolescent is highly likely to conform to his or her friends' behaviors and try these activities. The alternative is for the young person to seek different friends with values more in line with his own. Often, however, the desire to be part of a group and the fear of social isolation makes it more appealing to change behaviors than to seek other friends. Attitudes toward conformity are of particular interest in community health, where conformity may influence the willingness of people to engage in activities such as illicit drug use or high-risk sexual activities, or prompt them to avoid drug rehabilitation programs. The tendency to conform to a group's values is of interest to outreach workers because social networks may provide a link to reaching and influencing the behavior of a wide range of people involved in drug abuse and high-risk sexual activity. If key members of a group accept messages about how to change behavior to reduce risky activities such as needle sharing, drinking and driving, and unsafe sexual behavior, other group members often follow their lead and change their behavior also. Although society tends to focus on teenagers' needs to conform and follow fads, and many parents worry about how the desire to conform will influence the decisions their children must make, issues surrounding conformity continue into adult life. They may be as trivial as choosing the proper clothes to wear to the office so as not to stand out or as serious as choosing whether to have one's children vaccinated against diseases. Finding a rational balance between belonging and being an individual is a challenge for everyone. Many people who feel as if this area of their lives is out of balance benefit from seeking professional counseling to help them find a level of conformity that is more comfortable for them When Asch tested individuals alone they made fewer than 1% mistakes and when the same participants were in a group that made errors in judgments, they make more than 33% errors. This indicates that: ? We make errors in judgments to fit in with the rest of the group – even when we know the judgment is incorrect. ?We rely on others for information about reality, about the validity of our feelings, decisions, behaviour etc. ?We conform because we are unsure of our judgement and not assertive enough. We conform because we need approval and validation. Compliance The concept of compliance is similar to conformity, yet it’s slightly different. For compliance to occur within groups, one must adapt his/her actions to another's wishes or rules. Requests for and acts of compliance occur in everyone's lives. Simply asking someone to perform a task is a request for compliance. The most effective method to gain compliance is through rational persuasion and inspiration. Although this person is asking another to perform a task, he/she is not asking the person to agree or disagree with the task in question. The person requesting the performance of the task is not necessarily attempting to change the other's beliefs, but simply needs or wants the task to be performed. This notion is what sets conformity and compliance apart. The central aspect of conformity is that the person being influenced by the group change his/her attitudes and/or beliefs while the main point of compliance is the achievement of some specified task. Foot-in-the-door technique (FITD) is a compliance tactic that involves getting a person to agree to a large request by first setting them up by having that person agree to a modest request. Therefore FITD is a two step compliance technique in which an influencer prefaces the real request by first getting a person to comply with a much smaller request Obedience Obedience is the act of following orders without question because they come from a legitimate authority. When someone orders another to perform some action, and the person complies Variables affecting obedience: †¢the authority †¢the victim †¢the procedure Milgram’s experiment The experiment involved two people one a confederate would play the part of a student trying to remember different words that they had heard the other person who was the subject played the role of a teacher and gave him the test. He was told to shock the â€Å"student† everytime he missed a word. Milgram thought that most people wouldn't shock another human being and especially not all the way up to deadly levels of electricity. As the â€Å"teachers† were told to increase the dosage as they got more answers wrong, he found out that most people would shock their fellow man in this experiment and would be obedient to all the demands made by the instructor since he was the one in a position of authority.

Geo Mapping and Small Industries Essay

1. Identify the key software applications used by The Tea Collection. The Tea Collection used information technologies very successfully to create their business and to make it one of the fastest growing private companies in the US. They do not only use software to design their clothes, they also use applications to sell their products. The executives use geographic data- mapping software to target new selling areas, where are not that many stores for children’s clothing but good demographic circumstances. The Tea Collection has also created a tool bag-in-tool for their retailers to make it easier for them to order new products over the internet. 2. How does the geo-mapping software help the company grow? Explain how sales reps use the results of the geo-mapping system. Tea Collection uses software to be able to sell their clothing line across the country. The executive of Tea Collection uses the software â€Å"geo-mapping† to find territories in the United States where there is not a lot of children’s clothing sold and they can expect to build up their company there because the area is not oversaturated with children’s clothing. It is a geographic data-mapping software, which he uses to find the best place to build up a new Tea Collection store. With the software he can find out the ZIP code of the area without many children’s clothe stores and see the area from closer to make out the landscape where they think a Tea Collection store would fit in best. A yellow dot in a green area shows the highest prospect and sales reps use this system to sell their line there.The geo-mapping software is insofar relevant to the material learned in the 3rd lecture, because it is an information system. In the Tea Collection it especially plays a role for ensuring their survival and to promote competitive advantage. The customer service is as well improved. Tea Collection invests one percent of the income into information systems to develop new services they can use in their company. 3. What is the main technology challenge identified in the video? How would you suggest this challenge should be addressed? The main technology challenge identified in this video is the integration of the different computer systems, according to Rawdon, one of the founders of this business †the biggest challenge is the technology’s integration† The Tea Collection uses â€Å"multiple computer systems which don`t integrate automatically† (Rawdon) and therefore the task of integrating those systems are accomplished by people. Firstly, I would suggest to address this challenge by investing money in in-house training of the people working on integrating these systems. So that everyone in the company has the same knowledge consequently it will be easier to work together Moreover, on communication specialized employees whose task is the communication between the people working with those computer systems could enhance the working atmosphere as well as lower the time needed. Finally, Rawdon also states that the Tea Collection couldn’t survive without technologies. In spite of this the company only invests one percent of sales in IT. It could be suggested to invest more money in technologies and also in research to figure out a better integration of the computer systems. This would result in less dependency on people and therefore in less time and less mistakes. 4. Do you believe this company can continue to grow rapidly with the existing software and hardware they have demonstrated in this video? Why or why not? According to the information provided and considering the development of information technologies, the smaller companies like The Tea Collection could expand and grow rapidly. Their business would not be realizable and successful without technology, because business owners know that time is money – and no business can afford to be days behind the competition. We do believe that with the software and the hardware demonstrated, the company will continue the steady growth shown in the past 10 years and spending only 1% of the sales on IT, seems to be the best investment in their flourishing business.

Importance of International Business Management for Running a Successful Company

Importance of International Business Management for Running a Successful Company Introduction Well established modern business organizations have increasingly been seeking to expand their operations beyond the boundaries of their mother countries. Consequently, international trade has been stirred up and accelerated thanks to advancement made by man in Information Communication Technology (ICT) and other areas during 19th and 20th Centuries.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Importance of International Business Management for Running a Successful Company specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Business organizations particularly from world’s major economies and the emerging Asian economies offering goods and services in different commercial sectors or industries are striving to establish a high profile presence in the international markets in an attempt to enhance their profitability and remain competitive in an era of accelerated globalization. Some of them are part and parcel of the busi ness organizations known as multinational corporations (MNCs) or multinational enterprises (MNEs) which have operational branches in virtually all stable nations world over.  There are various reasons that encourage business organizations desire to expand in to the international or foreign markets. Ireland, Hoskisson and Hitt (2008) have identified four main reasons that usually motivates companies or business organizations seek to expand in to international markets namely the desire to use current resources and gain access to new resources, seeking to expand or develop new markets, competitive rivalry and controlling core competences and learning. These authors points out that companies search for economies of scale in the use of their existing resources by expanding in to new foreign markets. At times they enter international markets in order to reach certain valuable resources like raw materials, specialized knowledge or cheap labour. As companies become well established in the domestic markets they begin searching for international markets in order to increase their revenue and gain more profits, enhance their competition with major rivals and influence further development of their core competencies (Ireland, Hoskisson and Hitt, 2008; Ajami and Goddard,2006). Background Increased and accelerated international business activities has brought up the need for special managerial knowledge and skills on how to manage profitably and successfully companies that seeks to expand their operations in to new global markets. The need for this knowledge has been partly due to the fact that irrespective of the many benefits that a business organization accrues because of expanding into new foreign markets, they encounter various problems and challenges in their preferred international markets Dewan Sudarshan (1996).Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Furthermore, the internet as a matter of fact has made international business inevitable because companies as well as consumers can now access more information about markets and goods respectively easily than they could before the advent of the internet technology. In other words, as Lane, DiStefano and Maznevski (2005) put it, as the international economy grow and expands current and new business managers are forced to learn how to work as efficiently in foreign countries as they do in their mother countries as well as how to develop bridges across the world by controlling both likeness and differences. In addition, business organization has realized that their survival in a world that is ever becoming small in line with technological advancements can no longer be hinged up on domestic market alone.  These needs has seen institutions of higher learning design international business management study programmes meant to produce professionals with necessary knowledge, attitud es and skills needed to manage global business organizations successfully. International business differs in many ways from domestic business and so does international business management from domestic business management. International business management refers to the practice of controlling, directing and guiding business operations in host countries where socio-economic and political conditions, general and business laws and business practices are critically different and unique from domestic business practices and conditions which managers are normally conversant with Newlands and Hooper (2009). In other senses, the term international business management refers to human activities involving exchange of goods and services directed towards human satisfaction between and among more than two countries and the study discipline concerned with such activities and practices. Objectives The purpose of this paper is to discuss the importance of international business management for runni ng a success company. It aims to establish the nature of international business. It also seeks to identify strategies that a company can adopt in order to sustain its competitive advantages at the international markets so as to safeguard its profitability and survival. Findings and Analysis The significance of international business management for running a successful company rests up on the many advantages that accrue from a company’s expansion into new international markets and development of an international identity by a company Korine and Gomez (2002). To begin with, going global gives a company numerous financial advantages. For instance, the larger the network of a successful company the easier it is to move to places of maximum safety and with highest returns and profit Mead and Andrews (2009).Managing a successful company internationally is a strategic plan that managers can use to mitigate business risks by moving company’s capitals from insecure and socio-po litically unstable markets to safer markets.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Importance of International Business Management for Running a Successful Company specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It also enables a company to focus its energies up on the most profitable markets in a region or segments in a given market thereby boosting its profits. Secondly, running a business internationally offers production and marketing advantages Mead and Andrews (2009).For example, access to new international markets enables a company to reduce its production costs by accessing valuable inexpensive raw materials as well as cheap labour. International business management also enables a company to reach and acquire specialized knowledge in new global markets which is unavailable in home markets. In addition, a company that is managed internationally is able to partner with local marketing companies thereby deriving marketing advantages in the sense that a company product gets identified with already known companies and brands. Also a company gets an opportunity to market its identity in new markets. International business management also enables a company to enjoy economies of scale through use of their existing resources to expand into new foreign markets.  Even though there are various similar managerial practices between domestic and international business, international business has four main areas of business which raises concerns that international managers must understand for their companies to be successful Newlands and Hooper (2009). They include cultural differences, commercial environments, politico-legal environments and financial issues. When doing business in different countries cultural differences must be put in to consideration carefully in order to shun cultural clash which is harmful to business Shenkar and Luo cited in (Newlands and Hooper, 2009; Briscoe, Schuler and Claus, 2008). The main cultural difference to consider is language without which communication can not take place effectively within a business organization Newlands and Hooper (2009). The management must also put enough efforts to understand people’s social customs. For instance, they should learn how people greet each other, work ethics, their sense of individualism versus collectivism, their concept of hierarchy, personal space among many other social aspects which affects business activities Newlands and Hooper (2009). International business managers must also understand the politico-legal environment in which their companies will conduct its business. It is important to note that different countries have unique political and legal systems Newlands and Hooper (2009). The management must consider issues such as dispute resoluition, employment regulations and contracts.Thirdly; international business managers must note and understand that different countries have different economic or co mmercial environments Newlands and Hooper (2009). For example, some countries are more developed and highly industrialized than others while others are emerging econonmies.At the same time different economies grow at different rates so that while some are growing rapidly others are declining Newlands and Hooper (2009). In addition, resources availability, infrastructure and support needed for conduct of business differ from one country to another.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Last but not least, international business managers must consider financial issues Newlands and Hooper (2009). They must note that countries while countries have to trade with each other they have different currencies which operate at different exchange rates in the international markets. Those are some the main aspects of international business which managers must consider carefully in order for their companies to succeed in international markets. In order to promote and maintain competiveness in the international markets the following points should be considered by all international designers of a company’s business plan. First, since international markets are increasingly dynamic arenas for competitive interaction; to compete successfully marketing managers of a company should have an in-depth understanding of the diverse needs and demands of customers in various global markets in which these firms intermingle Aswathappa (2010). Secondly, the company should ensure that con sumers’ attitude towards its products which are of course foreign to them is positive because their attitude profoundly influences their purchasing behavior Aswathappa (2010). Finally, those designing a company’s marketing strategies should consider the already confirmed fact that country-of-origin literature contributes considerable knowledge of consumers’ attitude toward foreign products in various countries and can make available insights into the importance of such knowledge for the determination of successful international marketing Aswathappa (2010). It should also be understood that although numerous developing countries and emerging economies have emerged as vital points of products in international business activities, research on the attitudes of consumers towards foreign should be intensified in the developing countries. Other strategies that a company can embrace include maintainance of a long-term differentiation strategy geared towards production o f goods and services that consumers recognize as being different (Aswathappa, 2010; Harrison 2009). However, international managers should note that a successful differentiation strategy is successful after an intensive study of the customers’ needs and preferences in order to establish the viability of integrating one or more differentiating features into a product. Successful differentiation feature allows a company to continue charging higher prices for its products and acquire customer loyalty because customers may become strongly attached to the differentiated features Aswathappa (2010).  International managers should also take advantage of their companies’ economies of scale in order to attain the lowest cost in all industries in which it is a player. According to Aswathappa (2010), certain elements of cost should be pruned in order to achieve low cost. These elements include economies of scale, learning and experience curve effects, level of competence utiliza tion, connection with suppliers and distributors, RD costs, labour, taxes, energy and shipping expenditure Aswathappa (2010). However, it is important to note that cost leadership strategy as a method of dealing with problem of competitiveness in the global markets is usually effective in situations whereby the market is composed of many price-sensitive buyers or when consumers are not concerned very much about the differences from brand to brand as well as when there is a large number of customers with adequate purchasing power Aswathappa (2010). Conclusions and Recommendations Countries must inevitably do business with each other regardless of their diverse business practices and varying business conditions and environments. International business management becomes an important means through which managers use their special knowledge, attitudes and skills in bridging the similarities and differences between domestic and international business activities. International business ma nagers must note that even though there are certain business practices practiced at home that are also doable at the international markets, international business differs sharply with domestic business. They must particularly take note of the all major cultural differences and learn how to harmonize and manage employees from different cultural backgrounds. They should also consider keenly politico-legal differences between various countries where their operations are carried out. Managers must also consider economic or commercial environments of the different countries in order for their companies to succeed in new international markets. Financial issues should be considered carefully because different countries have different currencies with diverse features and abilities within the international foreign exchange markets. It is recommendable that given the accelerated rate of globalization those training as business managers should study deeply how to manage business organizations internationally. Those working for companies operating internationally should get on job training on matters and trends pertaining international business management in order to safeguard success of their companies. Reference List Ajami, R. A., Goddard. J. (2006). International business: theory and practice. Armonk NY: M.E. Sharpe. Aswathappa. (2010). International Business 4E. New Delhi: Tata McGraw-Hill Education. Briscoe, D. R., Schuler, R. S., Claus, L. M. (2008). International Human Resource Management. London: Taylor Francis. Dewan, J., Sudarshan, K. (1996). International Business Management. New Delhi: Discovery Publishing House. DiStefano, J. J., Maznevski, M. L. (2005). International management behavior: text, readings, and cases. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell. Harrison, J. (2009). Foundations in strategic management. New York, NY: Cengage Learning. Ireland, R. Duan, Hoskisson, R. E., Hitt, M. A. (2008). Understanding Business Strategy: Concepts and Cases. New York: Cen gage Learning. Korine, H., Gomez, P. (2002). The leap to globalization: creating new value from business without borders. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons. Mead, R., Andrews, T. G. (2009). International Management. Hoboken, NJ : John Wiley and Sons Newlands, D. J., Hooper, M. J. (2009). The global business handbook: the eight dimensions of international management. London: Gower Publishing, Ltd.

A Drug Induced Psychosis Health And Social Care Essay

A Drug Induced Psychosis Health And Social Care Essay Within this Independent study drug induced psychosis will be looked at. Within the first two pages a definition will be given as well as a brief history. This will be followed by a discussion on drug induced psychosis how individual is a affected and what is the cause. The author will then look at the drugs and how they affect people mentally and physically as well as how they affect the brain. When the final few pages it the author will look at the evidence and literature available for drug induced psychosis before then commenting on personal recommendations and the conclusion of all findings. The rationale behind choosing this topic was simply that more and more people through subculture and their own vulnerabilities are accepting of drug however through their own naivetà © and lack of understanding are consequences he consequences and consequences Definition According to Mosby (2009), drug induced psychosis is a psychotic state caused by an excessive dose of both illegal and the rapeutic drugs. This is supported by the West Australian Department of Health [WADOH](2009) who defines stimulant-induced psychosis, as an episode where the use of a legal or illicit drug has caused a psychiatric illness where the reality of the patient is impaired. The impairment of the patient can also include hallucinations or delusions, which can cause additional communication problems or social interaction difficulties. The drug induced psychosis according to WADOH (2009) may also be as a result of the overuse or abuse of prescription medication, or the outcome of a history of illicit drug abuse. Brief history Razool (1998) describes the historical evidence for substance abuse dating back thousands of years. Tobacco, alcohol and other psychoactive drugs have bee used by different societies for medical, religious, cultural and religious purposes and acts as a social lubricant. Today there is no lack of interest in the use of psychoactive substances and plants. Alcohol and drug u se remain part of the social and psychological fabrics of our society and are now regarded as a public health problem. Attitudes towards drug use have changed during various stages historically and even with harsh laws, there still remains problems in society where drug education and drug treatment is required by society (Razool, 2008). Tea, coffee and tobacco have all been illegal in Britain at some stage (Whitaker, 1987 cited by Razzol, 2008). Alcohol and drug use can cause a host of physical, social, psychological and economic harm, not only to the individual, but also to the family and the wider community. If the individual has previously had psychosis the use of drugs or alcohol can increase the likelihood of another psychotic event. This is due to the fact that the individual can become emotionally unstable, due to their drug use along with their loss of cognitive processing and therefore, inhibits the chemical balance of the brain (Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, 2009). Within this section use critical analysis and relevant referencing to show a lack of information provided and the difficulty clinical nurses face while battling this. Drug induced psychosis

Managment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 5

Managment - Essay Example Chet needs to structure his day so that each of his employees can come to see him at their respective times. This way, each employee can be heard and Chet can deal with the problem then and there. For those problems that are unimportant, Chet can hire an assistant to deal with those problems. 2) There needs to be a direct line of communication between Chet and his employees. One way to go about this is equipping every employee with a handheld device so that Chet can be reached at all times of the day. This would facilitate instant communication and do away with the need for employees to have to go and personally see Chet, thus wasting more of his time. If the workload is too much, the president of the company may consider hiring another plant manager to work in conjunction with Chet. This would reduce the workload on Chet and allow him to focus on only the essential tasks at hand. Another option would be to supply Chet with his very own personal assistant, who could help to manage Chet’s work day more effectively by scheduling appointments and taking notes of any queries. 3) Chet is the type of person who always feels like he needs to be part of the action. Instead of listening to every concern in the workplace, Chet needs to distinguish between crucial and routine tasks. Chet admitted to himself that he is very busy everyday at work, yet he never seems to accomplish anything. He may have a habit of control, where he always has to know every tidbit of information from within the entire company. This is exemplified when Chet checked the previous day’s production reports, did rescheduling to get out urgent orders, and consulted with a foreman about a personal problem of his. Even though Chet is the Plant Manager, he does not need to know every single detail about all of these things. A personal assistant could sum up the day’s problems and give a short brief to Chet every morning

Proposal assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Proposal - Assignment Example Visit to the industrial site will enable the students to understand and observe practically what is taught in their engineering class. Practical is part of the work that the students should observe after class work for better understanding of what was taught. Trips to different industrial sites are part learning for those pursuing engineering courses. Since the institution does not own the industrial site, the students are forced to travel outside the institution and visit one of the industrial sites for them to learn. When the students complete their studies, they will be employed in the industrial sites, which is necessary for them to understand practically the processes taking place in the industrial sites. It will be disadvantageous for the students who will be employed in various industrial sites without any practical knowledge of the processes taking place in the site. Field trips or a visit to industrials sites is part of learning. The industrial site will be constructed at the University. Construction will start immediately after the responsible officials in the institution have approved the proposal. It is important for the learning institution to have one of the industrial sites in the compound to be used by the engineering students during their practical. It will be convenient and cheaper to the institution as compared to travelling or visiting industrial sites outside the institution. It is because the institution will spend more funds to organize for the trip and even the charges required to be allowed to visit different places in the industrial site. When the institution constructs one of the industrial sites in the compound, it will be expensive to initiate but they will spend once during construction. The subsequent years will be only repairs, which will be cheaper. Availability of the industrial site in the institution will save time for the students and lecturers. It is because

Police High Speed Pursuits and Responses Research Paper

Police High Speed Pursuits and Responses - Research Paper Example 3). Latest court rulings, including a United States Supreme Court ruling given five years back, put off it to the enforcing officer to take the decision in high speed pursuits. As a plaintiff’s responsibility of providing evidence may be higher, such cases still carry the risk. It proves the need of a well established policy over police pursuit. A well written high-speed pursuit policy stipulates guidelines explaining what elements are critical and what are ignorable. Rules are given in written form in pursuit policies to help chasing officers to organize or quit the chase by adhering to the rules (AMIC 2-3). Recurrent fatalities in road accidents from police vehicles form the biggest single entity of deaths resulting from police action, thus, a major number of cases are referred to the IPCC in the UK. Although there has been much discussion among the surrounding communities and the police over chase incidents but level of awareness is still low to arouse debate on the issue. An analysis of the cases referred to IPCC has helped in rectifying the mistakes at policy and practice level (IPCC 1). Civilian fatalities following police related road traffic incidents - England & Wales Financial Year Pursuit related ?Emergency response 'Other incidents' ? Total fatalities ? ?2004/05 ?23 ?6 ?15 ?44 ?2005/06 ?32 ?4 ?12 ?48 ?2006/07 ?19 ?3 ?14 ?36 ?2007/08 ?17 ?2 ?5 ?24 ?2008/09 ?22 ?6 ?12 ?40 ?2009/10 ?19 3 7 29 ?2010/11 ?13 ?4 ?9 ?26 Source: Statistics for England and Wales annual reports At higher administrative level, need to revise the driver training parameters have been felt to bring down the number of road hits and injuries from accidents. Comparing the number of accidents by the public and the policemen in Britain, nothing can be said for sure, as the data in the above table indicates but subsequent improvement in controlling pursuit related accidents has been accomplished but the number of injuries to the policemen while on the roads can be critically deci sive to their performance. Adequate training to the police drivers can further control the rise in accidents, as after-effects on the health of police officers themselves could be harsh in physical terms (Fletcher 1). The aim of this research is to prove whether it is advisable to take the risks of high-speed police pursuits relatively to the rewards from them. Such pursuits are dangerous and life threatening for all concerned, and even not-aware citizens becoming sudden victims. Policies are required to be changed to control possible pursuits and the parameters employed to decide or terminate such pursuits (Player 2). High Speed Pursuit Policy The high-speed pursuit policy should help policemen in decision-making while considering various elements, such as: (a) the category of the offense; (b) the strategy of the offender's running; (c) the limit of recognizing the offender; (d) prior hints of the offender's lead direction; (e) the current expertise of other officers to nab the off ender; (f) idea of past activities of the offender; (g) the possibility that the offender is carrying weapons or may use force to escape; (h) the possibility of material loss to individuals or property caused from the pursuit; (i) the fitness of the police vehicle; consideration of the

The purpose of Corporate social responsibility

The purpose of Corporate social responsibility Corporate social responsibility (CSR) covers the responsibilities corporations have to the societies within which they are based and operate. More specifically, CSR involves a business identifying its stakeholder groups and incorporating their needs and values within the strategic and day-to-day decision-making process. Therefore, a business society within which it operates, which defines the number of stakeholders to which the organization has a responsibility, may be broad or narrow depending on the industry in which the firm operates and its perspective. There is still having other definitions for CSR. Such as, based on South China Morning Post, 2002, the notion of companies looking beyond profits to their role in society is generally termed corporate social responsibility (CSR). It refers to a company linking itself with ethical values, transparency, employee relations, compliance with legal requirements and overall respect for the communities in which they operate. It goes beyond the occasional community service action, however, as CSR is a corporate philosophy that drives strategic decision-making, partner selection, hiring practices and, ultimately, brand development. Beside, according to Archie B. Carroll, 1979, the social responsibility of business encompasses the economic, legal, ethical, and discretionary expectations that society has of organizations at a given point in time. On the other hand, the Institute of Directors, UK, 2002, stated that CSR is about businesses and other organizations going beyond the legal obligations to manage the impact they have on the environment and society. In particular, this could include how organizations interact with their employees, suppliers, customers and the communities in which they operate, as well as the extent they attempt to protect the environment. CSR is a means of analyzing the inter-dependent relationships that exist between businesses and economic systems, and the communities within which they are based. CSR is a means of discussing the extent of any obligations a business has to its immediate society and also a way of proposing policy ideas on how those obligations can be met as well as a tool by which the benefits to a business for meeting those obligations can be identified. Today, companies permanently need to implement solutions aimed at generating competitive advantage that allow them to survive and be successful in ever changing and demanding markets. Therefore, to focus on customers is a common denominator for organizations, aiming to meet their needs and satisfy their expectations. Society has become one of the players as one of the actors that highly influence corporate behavior. Communities have expressed more mistrust of corporations because of various scandals. This has put business ethics in the spot light influencing companies to be good corporate citizens, respecting the law but also to create good social values and principles. Today, the level of demand goes beyond the direct impact of the organizations business to also incorporate how corporations can contribute to societal and environmental causes. For corporations, these activities are manifested through the concept of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). However, from a corporate perspective, it is difficult to measure if these changes can have a positive impact on a firm. To analyse the companies financial performance, the profitability ratios such as profit margin, asset turnover, return on assets, return on common stockholders equity, earnings per share and price-earnings ratio had been used. Net profit margin is a widely used ratio in the assessment of company performance and in comparisons with other companies. A higher margin generally suggests good performance. For the AirAsia Berhad, in year 2007, net profit margin is 20.02% but it decreased to -13.35% in year 2008 and increased to 29.13% in year 2009. ChangHuat Corporation Berhad is having net profit margin 1.81%, -11.09% in year 2008 and -3.63% in year 2009. On the other hand, the return on capital employed is a fundamental measure of the profitability of a company. It is a popular indicator of management efficiency because it contrasts the net profit generated by the company with the total value of fixed and current assets which are presumed to be under management control. Therefore, the ROCE demonstrates how well the management has utilized total assets. The ratio for the year 2007 is 10.44% but decreased to -21.90% in year 2008 and increased to 34.82%. For the ChangHuat Corporation Berhad, the ratio for the year 2007 is 2.15%, -16.39% in year 2008 and -3.38% in year 2009. Besides, the return on equity is a measure of how well a company used reinvested earnings to generate additional earnings, equal to a fiscal years after-tax income divided by book value, expressed as a percentage. It is used as a general indication of the companys efficiency. In other words, how much profit it is able to generate given the resources provided by its stockholders. Investors usually look for companies with returns on equity that are high and growing. The ratio for the year 2007 is 20.28%, -30.93% in year 2008 and 19.32% in year 2009. But for the ChangHuat Corporation Berhad, it is having 1.16% in year 2007, -18.13% in year 2008, and -6.30% in year 2009. The inventory turnover is a measure of how much sales are generated by the capital asset base of a company. Although the ratio can act as a good guide to company performance, it can also be misleading. If the inventory turnover increases, either the total value of sales is increasing, or the capital asset base is decreasing, or both. If it is because sales are increasing, this might signify improved performance. The ratio of inventory turnover period for the AirAsia Berhad is -57.41days for the year 2007, -31.88days for the year 2008 and -24.88days for the year 2009. On the other hand, ChangHuat Corporation Berhad is -76.33days in year 2007, -66.59days in year 2008 and -29.76days in year 2009. Furthermore, earnings per share (EPS) indicates the amount of profit after tax, interest and dividends to preference shares has been earned for each ordinary share. AirAsia Berhad is earned RM 0.181 per share in year 2007, RM -0.211 per share in year 2008 and RM 0.206 in year 2009; ChangHuat Corporation Berhad is earned RM 0.0212 per share in year 2007, RM -0.2812 in year 2008 and RM -0.1183 in year 2009. Price earnings ratio is calculated using the current share price and current earnings. It is a measure of market confidence in the shares of a company. However, the market price also takes into account anticipated changes in the earnings arising from their assessment of a marco events such as political factors, economic factors and the market conditions. It is also influenced by company-related events. The ratio for the AirAsia Berhad is 8.84 in year 2007 and 6.70 in year 2009 but for the ChangHuat Corporation Berhad, it is only have 3.07 in 2007. Comparing these two companies, the financial performance of AirAsia Berhad is much better than ChangHuat Corporation Berhad. The net profit margin for AirAsia Berhad is more than 20% (but the year 2008 is having negative) but ChangHuat Corporation Berhad only have less than 10% and also having negative percentage in year 2008 and 2009. In conclusion, having more corporate social responsibility will lead company to have better performance.

Andrew C :: essays research papers

Andrew Carnegie was an intelligent Scottish immigrant that excelled in the steel and oil industries. He provided our country with inexpensive steel that allowed other industries to thrive. Carnegie was also a generous and well-known philanthropist.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Andrew Carnegie was born in Dunfermline, Scotland November 25, 1835. His parents, William and Margaret Carnegie, were impoverished iron mill workers. They immigrated to the United States in search of employment and opportunities in 1848.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Andrew Carnegie obtained a variety of occupations since his first arrival to America. His first job, at age thirteen, was a bobbin boy in a local cotton mill. At fifteen, Carnegie delivered telegrams for the Western Union. This job paid twenty-five dollars a month, which was considered a phenomenal amount of money at this time. At age 17, Carnegie had a job with the Pennsylvania Railroad. This job involved sending and receiving telegrams to benefit each train’s safety; he was now earning thirty-five dollars a month.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the 1850’s the major form of transportation used was the railroad. People would take the train for traveling to different areas around the country. Unfortunately, the ride to these distant destinations was quite uncomfortable. The passengers’ complaints increased. Theodore Woodruff developed sleeping cars that introduced passengers to more comfortable rides. Through the persuasion of his boss, Carnegie bought a share in this particular company while working for the Pennsylvania Railroad. Carnegie’s boss urged him to purchase one-eighth share in this company. The share’s money supply sharply increased due to the excessive amount of railroad companies that wished to please their passengers. From the success of his stock with the sleeping car company, Carnegie was able to place his money in other lucrative opportunities. At the age of twenty-four, Carnegie was soon aware of the oil being utilized by the Seneca Indians in Titsuville, Pennsylvania. Realizing his opportunity, Carnegie decided to buy land in a near by area. The oil on the land provided Carnegie and his brother with an ample supply of money. The land itself had increased in value by 125%. In 1870, Carnegie changed his job to become an iron master. Carnegie transposed the old iron making procedure with his new routine. He assiduously combined three ingredients – iron ore, coke, and limestone – to produce an essential product.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Iron manufacturers discovered that certain ores shouldn’t be combined with each other. By hiring a chemist, Carnegie’s ores were assorted into their specific group. Carnegie was then the first iron mill owner to have a chemist.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Carnegie assisted many companies with the makings of bridges, locomotives, and other products that relied on iron.